Trees, insects and diseases of Canada's forests

Twigs thorny; leaves with sharp teeth

Twigs smooth; leaves elongated, narrow, lance-shaped, with small irregular teeth, lower surface downy

Twigs smooth; leaves elongated, narrow, lance-shaped, with long, incurved teeth; mature bark conspicuously scaly

Twigs thorny; leaves with rounded teeth

Twigs smooth; leaves broadly oval to obovate, lower surface hairless

Twigs smooth; leaves elongated, narrow, lance-shaped, with small irregular teeth, hairless

Tree occurring on moist sites in Interior British Columbia; twigs smooth; leaves rounded at the base, lower surface downy