Shore pine
- Latin name: Pinus contorta var. contorta Dougl. ex Loud.
- French name: Pin tordu côtier
- Synonym(s): Beach pine coast spruce
- Taxonomic Serial Number: 183328
Description
Leaves
Form
- Needles evergreen
- In bundles of 2
- Usually twisted
- Stiffer than lodgepole pine
- Very sharp-pointed
- Not spread apart
- Edges sharply toothed
- Bundle-sheath persistent
Length
- Shorter than lodgepole pine
Colour
- Dark green
Buds
Form
- Blunt-pointed, resinous
Length
- To 15 mm
Colour
- Reddish-brown
Twigs
Form
- Ridged and grooved
- Vigorous shoots on young trees usually with 1 or more intermediate nodes bearing loose whorls of side branches
Colour
- Orange-brown becoming reddish-brown or very dark brown during 2nd season
Seed cones (mature)
Form
- Reflexed
- Cylindrical to ovoid, sometimes asymmetrical
- Stalkless
- At right angles to the branch or pointing back
- In small clusters at the nodes
Length
- 3–6 cm
Colour
- Purplish-brown
Structure
- Scales thickened at the tips, with a curved prickle
- Usually held closed by a resin bond
Timing
- Opening at maturity, sometimes remaining on the tree
Seeds
Form
- Often mottled and ridged on one side
- Slower to germinate than lodgepole pine
Length
- 3–5 mm
Colour
- Brownish
Bark
Form
- Thicker than lodgepole pine
- Becoming deeply furrowed into flat, thick, coarse plates
Colour
- Plates dark reddish-brown
Size
Height
- To 15 m
Tree form
Forest-grown
Trunk
- Usually with more taper than lodgepole pine
- Often crooked
Crown
- Often deformed by prevailing winds
Habitat
Site
- Up to 600 m
- Rocky ridges
- Coastal sand dunes
- Bogs
Range
Along the Pacific Coast of British Columbia
Insects and mites
Insects that cause damage to this tree.
-
Pales weevil
Scientific name: Hylobius pales (Herbst)
Cones or seeds
Foliage or buds
Red pine sawfly
-
Neodiprion nanulus
Schedl
- Neodiprion nanulus contortae
- Neodiprion nanulus nanulus
- Coleotechnites atrupictella (Dietz)
- Epinotia hopkinsana (Kraft)
- Eupithecia ornata (Hulst)
-
Gray spruce looper
Scientific name: Caripeta divisata Walker
- Hydriomena speciosata (Packard)
-
Lodgepole terminal weevil
Scientific name: Pissodes terminalis (Hopping)
-
Metallic pitch blister moth
Scientific name: Petrova metallica (Busck)
-
Pine needle scale
Scientific name: Chionaspis pinifoliae (Fitch)
-
Pine needle sheathminer
Scientific name: Zelleria haimbachi Busck
-
Pine zale
Scientific name: Zale duplicata (Bethune)
-
Red pine sawfly
Scientific names:
-
Neodiprion nanulus
Schedl
- Neodiprion nanulus contortae
- Neodiprion nanulus nanulus
-
Neodiprion nanulus
Schedl
- Sabulodes edwardsata (Hulst)
-
Silverspotted tiger moth
Scientific name: Lophocampa argentata (Packard)
-
Spruce spider mite
Scientific name: Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi)
- Tolype dayi (Blackmore)
-
Western pine elfin
Scientific name: Callophrys eryphon (Boisduval)
-
Western webspinning sawfly
Scientific name: Cephalcia californica Middlekauff
Roots, bark, stem or trunk, or branches
Diseases caused by pathogens
Diseases caused by pathogens that cause damage to this tree.
Brown cubical butt and pocket rot of cedar
Pathogen name: Oligoporus sericeomollis (Romell) Bondartseva
-
Brown cubical butt and pocket rot of cedar
Pathogen name: Oligoporus sericeomollis (Romell) Bondartseva
-
Elytroderma disease
Pathogen name: Elytroderma deformans (Weir) Darker
Cones or seeds
-
Brown felt blight
Pathogen name: Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petr.
-
Western gall rust
Pathogen name: Cronartium harknessii E. Meinecke
Foliage or buds
-
Brown felt blight
Pathogen name: Herpotrichia juniperi (Duby) Petr.
-
Dothistroma needle blight
Pathogen name: Mycosphaerella pini Rost. in Munk
-
Elytroderma disease
Pathogen name: Elytroderma deformans (Weir) Darker
-
Needle cast (Lophodermium pinastri )
Pathogen name: Lophodermium pinastri (Shrad.:Fr.) Chev.
-
Pine needle cast
Pathogen name: Lophodermella concolor (Dearn.) Darker
-
Tar spot needle cast
Pathogen name: Davisomycella ampla (J.J. Davis) Darker
Roots, bark, stem or trunk, or branches
Brown cubical butt and pocket rot of cedar
Pathogen name: Oligoporus sericeomollis (Romell) Bondartseva
Schweinitzii butt rot
Pathogen name: Phaeolus schweinitzii (Fr.) Pat. (Common names for the fungus: velvet-topped polypore, dyer’s polypore)
Distribution map
